?γιασμ?ς (consecration)
?γιος (holy, sacred, dedicated)
?γι?της (holiness)
Our understanding of the word ‘holy’ is sometimes coloured by the way in which the word has been used in various Christian tr…
Trees play an essential part in protecting our environment and meeting many of our practical needs. They produce large amounts of oxygen on a daily basis, and constantly absorb harmful carbon dioxides…
Oklah (Food, fuel, meat)
‘Ol (Yoke)
Olah (Ascent, burnt offering)
The use of a yoke or harness in modern-day farming, especially in the West, would be regarded as a somewhat backward step, almost anac…
hay (life, living, alive)
‘Or (Light, bring or give light)
baraq (lightning)
Light plays an important part in how we perceive the world around us, Ps. 36. 9. In fact, without visible light, there woul…
agapeo (to love, to feel and exhibit esteem)
agape (love, brotherly love, affection)
agapetos (beloved, esteemed)
Perhaps the one major word group in the New Testament whose origin and use is misunder…
The hymn writer John Newton published his first edition of the Olney Hymns in 1779, which he arranged into three books. He states in the preface that, ‘In the first I have classed those which are form…
Graptos (Painted/Written)
Graphe (Written characters)
Grathma (A Letter/Document Record)
Many years before the invention of pens and keyboards, writers in antiquity found a variety of ways of communic…
Personal hygiene is a feature of everyday life that most of us take very much for granted, yet it so often comes to the forefront when some major health scare arises. Even in the very places where per…
Kyrieyo, e, to be lord or master of
Kyrios, e, lord, master
kyriotes, lordship, dominion
It must appear somewhat ironic to those who do not live in the United Kingdom that the mother of Parliaments ha…
Ktt (beat fine)
Leb, Lebab (Heart)
Labba (Flame)
Throughout history, the heart has always been regarded as an important part of the human body. According to the Greek philosopher Aristotle, the heart …
Mashah (Anointing)
Most office holders today are usually appointed without a great deal of ceremony. But this was not the case in Old Testament times where those who were appointed as prophets, priest…
Human beings have always been fascinated with faces, simply because the face says a lot about an individual. We can quickly detect a person’s mood from their facial expression. Our appearance can chan…
During his imprisonment in Tibet by the Chinese communists, the English missionary Geoffrey Bull was subjected to a continuous period of interrogation aimed at breaking his Christian faith. Just befor…
Shakespeare’s tragedy Richard III opens with these famous lines, ‘Now is the winter of our discontent, made glorious summer by this sun of York’. This forms part of a longer soliloquy, where the Duke …
Sheber (Corn, victuals)
Shebet (Sceptre, rod, staff)
Shebi (Captivity, prisoners)
The sceptre has been an emblem of those in authority, such as kings, judges and military leaders as well as priests, d…
Where people have sought to live in harmony with one another, there has always been some basic code of behaviour, whether written or otherwise, that regulated the interaction of individuals within tha…
Yeshimon (desert, wilderness)
Yeshu'ah (deliverance, salvation, help)
Yesod (foundation)
When our Lord met the woman at Jacob’s well and told her that ‘salvation is of [or better rendered “from"] the …
One of the distinctive features of the Greek New Testament is that words which are used to describe ordinary mundane things are often elevated by the Holy Spirit to express ethical and spiritual truth…
It is not an exaggeration to suggest that human beings have an insatiable appetite for new things. We seem to be obsessed about new products, and people will often queue for hours on end to be the fir…
One of the enduring features of English common law is that it is based on the adversarial system of justice. This gives rise to the practice of advocacy, where parties are represented by advocates who…
ekkleio (To shut out)ekklesia (Assembly, congregation, church)ekklino (To turn aside, deviate)
The Greek noun ekklesia, used in the New Testament and translated as the words ‘assembly, congregation or…
The Semitic word-group known as the ts-d-q family from which the Hebrew word sedek arises, generally relates to individual behaviour (right conduct) or some form of implied status (being right) derive…
Some of us may have seen the Moody Institute of Science presentation entitled ‘Red River of Blood’, which, although now somewhat dated, never ceases to make one realize just how ‘awesomely and wonderf…
The Greek noun parousia, meaning presence or coming, is often misunderstood by Bible students.
One of the recognized dangers of studying a word by itself is that it expresses very little in terms of m…
Paropsidos (A side-dish)Parresia (Confidence, boldness, openness, freedom of speech)Eparresiasato (To speak freely or preach boldly)
One of the things that is highly prized in a democratic society is …
The terms ‘covenant’ or ‘deed of covenant’ are rarely used today in general conversation other than in formal legal contexts. But the practical use of prescribed ‘deeds of covenant’ was quite popular …
Maal - Above, forward, upward
Ma’alah - Degree, step, stair
Maalal - Endeavour, invention, work
The feminine noun ma’alah is regularly translated as ‘degree’ in the Old Testament. It is derived from a…
Adam (Man, man of low degree)Adamah (Earth, land, ground)Adamdam (Reddish)
We hear a considerable amount today about the environment and the preservation of planet earth. The green agenda has never be…
phbaytron - Terrorphobos - FearPhoebe - Phoebe
The Oxford English Dictionary (Second Edition 1989) defines the word ‘fear’ as ‘the emotion of pain or uneasiness caused by the sense of impending danger…
One of the things that cricket enthusiasts are always keen to see, especially if they are English(!), is meaningful batting partnerships. This sort of partnership emphasizes the very English concept t…
Unsurprisingly, with an agrarian economy that formed the major part of Israel’s day to day existence in the Promised Land, the term ‘firstfruits’ was employed by God as a motif to underline the variou…
Kabed (Liver) Kabod (Glory) Kabsah (Ewe lamb, lamb)
When Eli’s daughter-in-law heard the news that the ark of the covenant had been taken by the Philistines, and both Eli and her husband were dead, 1 …
It is not uncommon today, when someone is asked the question ‘How are you?’ to hear the response ‘Good, thanks’. What, of course, the respondent means is that they are well in terms of their overall h…
One of the remarkable features of the Bible is the way in which God uses simple words to convey the most profound truth. This point is effectively demonstrated by the single Hebrew word shema’ (Englis…
The writer SAMUEL JOHNSON once said that no place affords a more striking conviction of the vanity of human hopes than a public library. Johnson, however, failed to appreciate that of all texts, the B…
Such is the complexity of modern family life that most societies today have enacted specific laws that relate to families and domestic relationships. In the recent Queen’s speech, which opened this ye…
‘Here is love vast as the ocean,
Loving kindness as the flood,
When the Prince of Life, our ransom
Shed for us His precious blood’
Little did William Rees realize what an impact these words would ha…
Mana (Deny, keep, withhold)Manah (Portion, part)Manammim (Dainties)
The third line of the first verse of William Williams Pantycelyn’s most famous hymn ‘Guide Me, O Thou Great Jehovah’ refers to the ‘…
The overwhelming majority of British monarchs have been kings and very few of these have been constitutional monarchs. Most have been able to exercise supreme and absolute authority over their subject…
hamartema, n (Sin, evil deed)
hamartia, n(A missing the mark, guilt, sin)
hamartolos(Devoted to sin, a sinner)
Although there are at least nine different words in the Greek New Testament to describe s…
Sadly, we live in a world that is characterized by hypocrisy. How often do we hear politicians saying one thing on the hustings, and then completely reverse their policies when in government? Or the f…
In his famous paraphrase of Psalm 103 (‘Praise, my soul, the King of Heaven’), Henry Lyte compresses verses 3 and 4 of the psalm to simply read, ‘ransomed, healed, restored, forgiven’. In doing so, he…
In Shakespeare’s historical play ‘Richard the Third’, the Duke of Buckingham makes the following comment to the queen, ‘Ay, madam: he (Richard) desires to make atonement between the Duke of Gloucester…
dikaios (righteous, correct)dikaiosynen(righteousness, justice)dikaioo (to declare, pronounce righteous)
Anyone who seeks to understand the biblical doctrine of righteousness or justification will imm…
One of the important features of heraldry is the graphic design of individual or family coats of arms, usually displayed on some form of shield. This decorative imagery goes back to at least medieval …
σκανδαλ?ζω, v (to put a snare or stumbling block in the way)
σκ?νδαλον, n (stumbling-block/offence)
σκ?πτω, v (to dig)
Almost everyday throughout the world, newspapers report one scandal or another. I…
In the twenty-first century, private and public transport makes a significant contribution to our modern way of life. It is often therefore difficult for us to appreciate that previous generations had…
Viticulture or vine cultivation has been practised for many thousands of years. The Greeks were the leading exponents of this science, and it was extended by them throughout the Mediterranean world wh…
The story is told that on one occasion a prayer was delivered in Crathie Kirk, near Balmoral (to Queen Victoria’s amusement) ‘that the Almighty would send down His wisdom on the Queen’s Ministers, who…
In this new feature we will look at a number of selected Greek/Hebrew words found in the Bible. We will trace their historical development and then describe their meaning and usage in the scriptures. …
‘Where there are not faithful ministers of the word of God, the people decay’, Prov. 29. 18 GNV
The background to the biblical text quoted is likely to have been Exodus chapter 32 verses 25-26, where …
Suggested readings. Lev. 16; 23.26-32; Num. 29.7-11; Zech. 12.10, 12; Rom. 4.4-5; Rev. 1.7. The word is better translated atonements, as the Hebrew is in the plural signifying the various aspects of a…
At this time of the year in the United Kingdom, daylight hours are very short, and darkness seems to pervade most of our lives. Nature seems to be moving inexorably towards the winter solstice marking…
‘As you have done, it will be done to you; your deeds will return upon your own head’ Obadiah 15b NIV
One of the most neglected books in the Old Testament is the prophecy of Obadiah, yet it has much t…
‘For though we walk in the flesh, we do not war after the flesh’, 2 Cor. 10. 3.
Living in the world is a constant challenge for the believer. Paul reminds us, however, that we do not conduct our Chris…
‘A servant of God’ – nothing more, nothing less! How do we see ourselves? James, who is widely recognized to be the half-brother of the Lord Jesus, could have claimed that human link…
There is a famous children’s rhyme which suggests that ‘Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words shall never hurt me’. The rhyme was intended to be used as a defence mechanism against name-call…
‘The cloke … and the books, but especially the parchments’, 2 Tim. 4. 13
Have you ever left or lost something? Sometimes, the item is not that valuable, but there are some things that are undoubtedly …
‘He spake unto them in the cloudy pillar’, Ps. 99. 7.
Paul reminds us that one of the things that should characterize us as Christians is a forbearing or gentle spirit towards everyone. The reason for…
Not long after the start of the First World War in 1914, the biblical scholar Edward Dennett died after a short illness. He was 83 years of age and had spent a considerable part of his life teaching t…
Suggested readings. Lev. 23.33-43; Num. 29.12-40; Deut. 16. 13-15; Ezek. 45. 25; Zech. 14. 16-19; John 7. 2, 39; Rev. 14.10,18,19; 20. 4-6. This feast is also known as the feast of “ingathering" or “b…
4. The Feast of Weeks. Suggested readings, Lev. 23. 15-22; Num. 28. 26-31; Deut. 16. 9-12; Acts 2.1; 1 John 1. 8; James 1. 18.
It has already been stated in the introduction to the feasts that God esp…
‘A more excellent name than angels’
Have you ever considered why the writer to the Hebrews seems to pay little attention to the communication of the prophets, Heb. 1. 1, yet, by contrast, dedicates a …
In this introductory article we consider the historical context of this New Testament letter and its sustained argument. Put in another way, how does God reveal Himself in this letter as it focuses on…
The doctrinal argument of Hebrews
The writer presents his basic doctrinal argument in the first two chapters of the letter, but at the same time provides us with several themes that will be developed …
Henry Alford was born in the city of London on 10 October 1810. Sadly, his mother died giving birth to him, and so he spent much of his formative years living with relations in Somerset. His father, w…
‘Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary?’ Mark 6. 3
A carpenter in the ancient world was a highly skilled worker in wood who provided a variety of services to local communities. This included, amo…
The series now commencing is devoted to Leviticus 23 and other portions of both Old and New Testament Scriptures dealing with the “Feasts of Jehovah”. By means of annual religious appointments, a fore…
This year marks the 500th anniversary of the birth of the magisterial1 reformer John Calvin who was born in Noyon, northeast of Paris, in 1509. Calvin is probably the most loved and hated of all the R…
Introduction
Five hundred year ago this year in 1512, Martin Luther was awarded a doctorate by the University of Wittenberg. We may not think that this was anything out of the ordinary, but, in fact, …
Introduction
Five hundred years ago this year, Martin Luther was awarded a doctorate by the University of Wittenberg. We may not think that this was anything out of the ordinary, but, in fact, this pr…
Today’s Relevance
When Paul visited the city of Thessalonica, he was accused of turning the world upside down by fomenting sedition against the authority of Rome, Acts 17. 6-7. In effect, his detracto…
What is the Law?
In Gilbert and Sullivan’s famous operetta ‘Iolanthe’, the Lord Chancellor provides us with an interesting insight into English Law when he explains that:
‘The Law is the true embodime…
Comment on Colossians 1 verses 15 to 20
We consider next Colossians 1.15-20, which begins, ‘Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature: For by him were all things created, …
This article follows our brother’s first article on Paul’s View of the Law in the November 2005 volume of Precious Seed.
Did Paul concentrate on the risen exalted Christ so that he abandoned the histo…
Slavery and Manumission1
Even though we have seen public demonstrations against those individuals and institutions that have benefited in the past from the slave trade, slavery remains an ugly featur…